Sexually transmitted infections, or STIs for short, are diseases that can be transmitted through sexual intercourse, but also through other close contact. In Germany, these include well-known infections such as chlamydia, gonorrhoea (“clap”), syphilis, HIV and hepatitis B or C. These diseases are caused by bacteria, viruses or parasites and can cause various symptoms – from a burning sensation when urinating to a skin rash or no symptoms at all. Particularly treacherous: if there are no symptoms, an infection often remains undetected and can spread unnoticed or cause long-term damage such as infertility.

STIs are an important healthcare issue in Germany. According to the Robert Koch Institute (RKI), the number of cases of some infections, such as chlamydia or syphilis, is increasing, especially among younger adults. The good news: thanks to modern laboratory medicine, these diseases can be reliably detected and usually treated well. Detection is carried out in laboratories that examine samples such as blood, urine or swabs. For bacteria such as chlamydia or gonorrhoea, a swab is often taken and analyzed under a microscope or using special tests (e.g. PCR). Viral infections such as HIV or hepatitis are usually detected using blood tests that detect antibodies or the virus itself.

Laboratory medicine plays a key role because it provides clarity quickly and precisely. Many tests provide results within a few hours or days, which enables early treatment. If STIs are detected in time, antibiotics (for bacteria) or antiviral drugs (for viruses) can be used to fight the infection and prevent complications. It is important that those affected get tested regularly, especially if they change partners frequently, as prevention and early detection are the best protection. In Germany, doctors’ surgeries, health authorities and special advice centers offer uncomplicated testing options – often anonymously.

In short: STIs are no longer a taboo subject in this country, but a manageable health risk – thanks to modern laboratory diagnostics and education. Those who protect themselves and get tested can effectively protect themselves and others from the consequences.

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STIs are still underestimated – MedLabPortal

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Gender note. The personal designations used in this text always refer equally to female, male and diverse persons. Double/triple references and gendered designations are avoided for the sake of better readability ected.