Genetic risk factor and viral infection contribute to MS
Researchers at the University of Zurich have shown that multiple sclerosis is caused by the interaction of an Epstein-Barr virus infection and genetic risk factors. The virus is present in all MS patients, but also infects 95 percent of healthy people. An infection with glandular fever in later adolescence greatly increases the risk.
The HLA-DR15 haplotype as a genetic factor plays a key role in this. HLA molecules on white blood cells recognize virus components. The virus infects B cells throughout life and alters their gene activity so that they produce myelin proteins. These are presented with HLA-DR15 and recognized by T cells, which leads to an autoimmune reaction against the myelin sheath of the nerve cells.
The destruction of the insulation layer causes symptoms such as paralysis, visual disturbances or exhaustion. The study, conducted with partners in China, Tübingen and London, identifies mechanisms for new therapies. EBV is also involved in other autoimmune diseases and cancers, which is why vaccines are being developed.
Original Paper:
EBV infection and HLA-DR15 jointly drive multiple sclerosis by myelin peptide presentation: Cell
Editor: X-Press Journalistenbüro GbR
Gender Notice. The personal designations used in this text always refer equally to female, male and diverse persons. Double/triple naming and gendered designations are used for better readability. ected.
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